REV. A
32
ADM1027
Step 5
Determine T
RANGE
for Each Temperature Channel
T
RANGE
 is the range of temperature over which automatic fan
control occurs once the programmed T
MIN
 temperature has
been exceeded. T
RANGE
 is actually a temperature slope and not
an arbitrary value, i.e., a T
RANGE
 of 40rC only holds true for
PWM
MIN
 = 33%. If PWM
MIN
 is increased or decreased, the
effective T
RANGE
 is changed, as described later.
TEMPERATURE
T
MIN
100%
PWM
MIN
0%
T
RANGE
Figure 32. T
RANGE
 Parameter Affects Cooling Slope
The T
RANGE
 or fan control slope is determined by the following
procedure:
1. Determine the maximum operating temperature for that
channel, e.g., 70rC.
2. Determine experimentally the fan speed (PWM duty cycle
value) will not exceed that temperature at the worst-case
operating points, e.g., 70rC is reached when the fans are
running at 50% PWM duty cycle.
3. Determine the slope of the required control loop to meet
these requirements.
4. Use best fit approximation to determine the most suitable
T
RANGE
 value. There is ADM1027 evaluation software avail-
able to calculate the best fit value; ask your local Analog
Devices representative for more details.
T
MIN
100%
33%
0%
50%
30C
40C
Figure 33. Adjusting PWM
MIN
 Affects T
RANGE
T
RANGE
 is implemented as a slope, which means as PWM
MIN
 is
changed, T
RANGE
 changes, but the actual slope remains the
same. The higher the PWM
MIN
 value, the smaller the effective
T
RANGE
 will be, i.e., the fan will reach full speed (100%) at a
lower temperature.
T
MIN
100%
33%
0%
50%
30C
40C
25%
10%
45C
54C
Figure 34. Increasing PWM
MIN
 Changes Effective T
RANGE
For a given T
RANGE
 value, the temperature at which the fan
will run full-speed for different PWM
MIN
 values can easily be
calculated:
 
 
T
T
MaxD.C.   MinD.C.    T
MAX
MIN
RANGE
=
+
-
(
)
?/DIV>
170
where:
T
MAX
 = Temperature at which the fan runs full-speed
T
MIN
 = Temperature at which the fan will turn on
MaxD.C. = Maximum duty cycle (100%) = 255 decimal
MinD.C. = PWM
MIN
T
RANGE
 = PWM duty cycle versus temperature slope
Example: Calculate T
MAX
, given T
MIN
 = 30rC, T
RANGE
 = 40rC,
and PWM
MIN
 = 10% duty cycle = 26 decimal
 
 
T
T
MaxD C
MinD C
T
MAX
MIN
RANGE
=
+
-
(
)
?/DIV>
.  .
.  .
170
 
 
T
C
C
MAX
=    r   +
-
(
)
?nbsp   r
30
100
10
40
170
%
%
 
 
T
C
C
MAX
=    r   +
-
(
)
?nbsp   r
30
255   26    40
170
T
MAX
 = 84rC (effective T
RANGE
 = 54rC)
Example: Calculate T
MAX
, given T
MIN
 = 30rC, T
RANGE
 = 40rC
and PWM
MIN
 = 25% duty cycle = 64 decimal
 
 
T
T
MaxD C
MinD C
T
MAX
MIN
RANGE
=
+
-
(
)
?/DIV>
.  .
.  .
170
 
 
T
C
C
MAX
=    r   +
-
(
)
?nbsp   r
30
100
25
40
170
%
%
 
 
T
C
C
MAX
=    r   +
-
(
)
?nbsp   r
30
255   64    40
170
T
MAX
 = 75rC (effective T
RANGE
 = 45rC)
Rev. 3 | Page 32 of 56 | www.onsemi.com
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